Formula One, also known as F1, is the highest level of international open-wheel single-seater racing governed by the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA). The FIA Formula One World Championship, which began in 1950, is one of the most prestigious forms of racing worldwide. The term “formula” in the name refers to the set of rules that all participating vehicles must follow. A Formula One season consists of a series of Grands Prix held on both purpose-built circuits and public roads around the world.
A points system is used at Grands Prix to determine the World Championships for drivers and constructors. To participate, drivers must hold a valid Super Licence, the highest class of racing licence issued by the FIA. Formula One races must take place on tracks rated “1” (formerly “A”), the highest rating given by the FIA.
Formula One cars are the fastest road-course racing vehicles regulated by the FIA, due to their high cornering speeds achieved through the production of significant amounts of aerodynamic downforce. This downforce is largely generated by front and rear wings, which also cause strong turbulence behind each car. This turbulence reduces the downforce on a car following directly behind, making it difficult to pass.
For the 2022 season, there have been significant changes to the cars to increase the use of ground effect aerodynamics and modify the wings to reduce turbulence behind the cars in an effort to make overtaking easier. In addition to electronics and aerodynamics, F1 cars rely on suspension and tires. Traction control, launch control, and automatic shifting were banned in 1994, briefly reintroduced in 2001, and then banned again in 2004.